Long-term PPI use is associated with a modest increase in fracture risk — somewhere around 20–30% in relative terms for fractures overall, with the strongest signals in people who already have other risk factors for breaking a bone. But here’s the finding that reframes the whole question, and that …
PPIs and Bone Density: Do They Really Cause Fractures? Read More
The kidney question is the strongest of the PPI safety concerns — stronger than the dementia one, and worth taking seriously. Several large observational studies have found that long-term PPI users develop chronic kidney disease at higher rates than non-users, with hazard ratios generally in the 1.2 to 1.5 …
The short answer: on the current evidence, proton pump inhibitors probably do not cause dementia. The headline that frightened everyone came from a single German claims-data study in 2016, and the better-designed research that followed has largely failed to reproduce it. An umbrella review published in 2026 — a …
Do PPIs Cause Dementia? What the Research Actually Shows Read More
Cricopharyngeal spasm is a sustained, involuntary tightening of the cricopharyngeus — the ring of muscle that forms your upper esophageal sphincter, sitting right at the base of your throat. It feels like a lump, a band, or a hand squeezing your neck. It typically eases when you eat or …
Cricopharyngeal Spasm vs Globus: Reflux Causes & Relief Read More
If you’ve decided a spirit is your best bet with reflux — skipping the fizz of beer and the acidity of wine — the next question is usually which one. Gin and tequila are two of the most common choices, and people often have a gut feeling that one …
Gin or Tequila for Acid Reflux? Which Is Less Harsh Read More
Hard seltzer has built its whole identity on feeling light: low calorie, low carb, low sugar, clear as water. So it’s a fair question whether that lightness carries over to your reflux — whether a spiked seltzer is the gentle choice at the bar. The honest answer is no. …
Is Hard Seltzer Bad for Acid Reflux? The Honest Answer Read More